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Kazakh and Chinese officials like to recall that the concept of the economic belt of the Silk Road (ESMP) was first presented to the world in Astana in the autumn of 2013.
"More than 2100 years ago, the envoy of the Chinese Han dynasty named Zhang Qian twice traveled to Central Asia with a mission of peace and friendship. It was these trips that initiated China's friendly contacts with the Central Asian countries and opened the Silk Road from East to West, "President Xi Jinping recalled the story during his lecture at the Nazarbayev University.
Later, some Russian media concluded that thus the Chinese leader reminded the Russian that there were times when China and Central Asia did not need mediation of Russia. However, it is difficult to believe that the Chinese leadership, developing the most ambitious geo-economic program of the last decade, dreamed of leadership in the CIS, whose share in world GDP does not exceed 2%. The One-Way-One-Way Initiative, part of which is EPPP, along with the Sea Silk Road of the 21st Century, is a competition in a completely different weight category, where it competes with players such as the Pacific Partnership, which controls 40% of world trade.
This is dictated by fundamental changes in the structure of world production, said Alexander Knobel, director of the Center for International Trade Studies of the Russian Academy of Science and Technology.
- More and more participating in the international exchange of goods is produced not in a single country, but within the framework of global chains. So, in the revenue of the iPhone exported from China only about 1.4% of the added value falls on the very Middle Kingdom (66% on the USA). In such conditions, the promotion of economic interests does not require protectionism at the national borders, but the protection of existing chains, including the reduction of production and trade costs, simplification of trade procedures and ensuring unhindered multiple crossing of the border, the scientist says.
Deputy Minister of Commerce of China Fan Eicin told the international symposium on the construction of the Belt and the Way in Xi'an in September, during 8 months of 2016 China's trade with the countries along the Economic belt of the Silk Road and the Sea Silk Road of the XXI century, exceeded $ 600 billion, accounting for 26% of the total foreign trade turnover.
Only in January-August, 2016, China invested about $ 10 billion in the economies of these countries through various financial institutions, including the Asian Bank for Infrastructure Investments and the Silk Road Fund (created in 2014, with a volume of $ 40 billion). Chinese enterprises have created more than 50 zones of trade and economic cooperation with a total investment of $ 15.6 billion, which in these countries "received $ 900 million of tax revenue and created about 70 thousand jobs."
"One belt - one way" is called upon to solve besides the economic (slowing of infrastructure projects) also the political complexities of China, both external and internal. In geopolitics, these are additional ways of supplying and exporting in case of aggravation of confrontation with the USA in the South China Sea.
In addition, the sea routes to Europe run through the Middle East, which again turned into a risk zone. Internally, the program should remove the imbalance in development between the industrial south and the poorer center and west.
